Jesus is Both God and Man

Have you ever wondered the scriptural evidence for the claim that Jesus is 100% God and 100% man? Even though it is a mystery as to how this is the case, Scripture is clear Jesus is both God and man. Let’s look at what it has to say.

Jesus is God

There are several Scriptures that tell us Jesus is God. Here are just a few:

  • Titus 2:13 says Christians are “looking for the blessed hope and the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Christ Jesus.
  • In John 20:28 – Thomas, in speaking of Jesus, cries out, “My Lord and my God!
  • In Hebrews 1:8 God gives a direct testimony of Christ and He says “But of the Son He says, ‘Thy throne, O God, is forever and ever.’”
  • In John 1:18 Jesus is called “the only begotten God.

We also know that Jesus is God because He has all the attributes of God.

  • He knows everything (Mt 16:21; Luke 11:17; John 4:29)
  • Is everywhere (Matthew 18:20; 28:20; Acts 18:10)
  • Has all power (Mt 8:26, 27; 28:18; Jn 11:38-44; Lk 7:14-15; Revelation 1:8)
  • Depends on nothing outside of Himself for life (Jn 1:4; 14:6;8:58)
  • Rules over everything (Mt 28:18; Rev 19:16; 1:5)
  • Never began to exist and never will cease to exist (John 1:1; 8:58)
  • Is our Creator (Colossians 1:16).
  • In other words, everything that God is, Jesus is. For Jesus is God.

Jesus is Man

Jesus is not only God, but He is man as well.

  • John 1:14 says, “And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth.” Telling us that Jesus is God incarnate.
  • 1 John 4:2 and 2 John 7 tell us that anyone who denies Jesus is man is of the spirit of the anti-christ.

We also know that Jesus is man because He possesses the attributes of man.

  • He was born as a baby from a human mother (Luke 2:7; Galatians 4:4)
  • He became weary (John 4:6), thirsty (John 19:28), and hungry (Matthew 4:2).
  • He experienced the full range of human emotions such as marvel (Matt. 8:10), weeping, and sorrow (John 11:35).
  • These attributes show that He lived on earth just as we do.

Conclusion

As God incarnate, Jesus did not lose any attributes of His divinity, nor did He lose any attributes of His humanity, so that He was 100% God and 100% Man. It is a mystery as to the exact details of how this worked itself out, but Scripture does give us proof Jesus was both God and Man.

Resource

How Can Jesus be both God and Man? You can read this excellent article from Desiring God ministries by clicking here.

Is it Important to Publicly Read Scripture and Pray in Our Congregations?

Today, we have a guest blogger: Pastor Bob Dimmitt. He has written on the necessity of the Public Reading of Scripture and Prayer, as well as he has offered us a few tips. Here is what he has for us:

I believe it is important in the development of our churches that more men become involved in our Sunday Morning and Sunday Evening Worship through the public reading of Scripture and prayer.

The Public Reading of God’s Word

The public reading of God’s Word is an important part of our churches corporate worship. Even so, many churches have neglected this discipline, even though Scripture itself commands it. 1 Timothy 4:13 says, “Until I come, give attention to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine.

In commenting on this verse a noted Pastor once said,

“Of course we of this generation cannot know by firsthand experience how the Word of God was read in other times. But it would be hard to conceive of our fathers having done a poorer job than we do when it comes to the public reading of the Scriptures. Many have read the Scriptures so badly that a good performance draws attention by its rarity.

It could be argued that since everyone these days owns his own copy of the Scriptures, the need for the public reading of the Word is not as great as before. If that is true, then let us not bother to read the Scriptures at all in our churches. But if we are going to read the Word publicly, then it is incumbent upon us to read it well. A mumbled, badly articulated and unintelligent reading of the Sacred Scriptures will do more than we think to give the listeners the idea that the Word is not important….”

In this pastor’s opinion, not only do churches fail to obey Paul’s command to Timothy to read Scripture, when they do attempt it, they do a poor job, giving the congregation the idea that the Word is just not that important. If this is the case, how can we show the congregation Scripture is important?

Tips for the Public Reading of Scripture

1. Assign or acquire your text ahead of time.

If you are a pastor, assign ahead of time a specific date and Scripture to be read. If you have been asked to read Scripture in a service and you have not been assigned a specific text, then ask the pastor, or worship leader to provide you with the text you will read at least one week before it is your turn.

2. Read from a designated version.

If your congregation has invested in pew Bibles, then read from the version offered. It is also a good idea to read from the version the pastor uses, since most people will bring that version to church with them.

3. Practice in advance.

Several days, if not a full week before your turn to read the passage in the service, practice reading the passage to yourself aloud. If the passage is short enough, then work on committing it to memory. Memorizing the passage and reading it aloud several times will help in learning the flow of the passage, allowing you to read it smoothly in the service.

4. Read with emotion and meaning.

When reading the passage, read with emotion and meaning without being dramatic. Know the emotion and emphasis you bring to the reading will be felt and seen by the congregation. If you are fumbling through the passage, or reading it in a monotone voice, you are sending the signal that the passage is not important to you.

Public Prayer

Following the public reading of Scripture should be a public prayer. The one reading the Scripture should be the one to lead the congregation in this prayer. As you do, don’t think that your prayer has to be long. John Newton once said,

“The chief fault of some good prayers is, that they are too long; not that I think we should pray by the clock, and limit ourselves precisely to a certain number of minutes; but it is better of the two, that the hearers should wish the prayer had been longer, than spend half the time in wishing it was over.”

With Newton’s advice in mind, let’s look at some tips for praying in public.

Tips for Public Praying

1. In private we offer our own prayers and confessions to God, but in public our prayers are different.

In private we will use language such as: I, my, me, mine, but in public the language is different, we should use language such as: us, we, our, ours. Private prayer can also be silent, and groaning. Public prayer cannot be silent nor can it be groaning. It must be audible, in a language understood by all, at a speed accessible to everyone, with phrases that do not jar, and at a length everyone can sustain.

2. Public prayer is didactic.

We are teaching our people something when we pray. If we fill them with sickly repetitions, they will think that that is OK. If we do not pray in the Holy Spirit then they will not learn. If we pray in public for certain themes, then they will pray the same.

In addition, when they see and hear you emotionally engaged in prayer, that will teach them much about Christian experience. When we pray in this way, our prayers are deep and whole. The result is that the congregates theology will be challenged by your whole praying, so that praying is a kind of discipleship.

3. Public prayer is pastoral.

It is one of the means we lead the people into holiness and comfort. We must think of the various needs of the members of the congregation, as well as the congregates themselves.

In addition, we should know that prayer does things: It brings down blessings on people. It makes people more loving and understanding. It restores the backslider. It takes up all the needs of the congregation.

  1. Public prayer must be fresh, but prepared.

We can prepare our prayers without preparing them. We can consciously include every main element of biblical prayers – adoration, confession and thanksgiving – as well as we can incorporate the passage that we read into our prayer.

Example if the passage dealt with the resurrection then that can be a theme; you thank God for the resurrection, the reality of the resurrection, and what the resurrection means to us. If the passage deals with spiritual growth, make that the main theme of your prayer asking God to do for us what Paul asked God to do for those he loved.

Conclusion

The reading of Scripture and Prayer in our congregations publicly is an important act. One that not only fulfills the Scriptures command, but serves as a means to teach and care for those in the congregation. It is my prayer that we all take this duty more seriously.

Bob Dimmitt is the Senior Pastor of Ferguson Avenue Baptist Church (FABC) in Savannah, GA. He has served there for the last 12 years. Prior to serving as the pastor of FABC he was a jail chaplain in Hawaii, Virginia, and Savannah. You can learn more about Bob and FABC through their website: www.fabchurch.com 

Do You Have An Idol?

Lately, I have been reading J.D. Greear’s new book Gospel. If you do not have a copy, I would highly recommend it. While preparing for my latest sermon, I happened to read his section on idolatry. In that section, he gives several questions we can ask ourselves to determine what may be an idol in our lives.

Idol: Can you define that, please?

An idol is anything that we allow to take the place of God in our lives. It is those things we give the most weight to, or think are necessary for life and happiness. Ultimately, an idol is anything that stands between us and God, hindering our relationship with Him because we are giving it our love, affections, and worship instead of God.

John Calvin likened our hearts to an idol factory because we are good at making things into idols. If our hearts are little idol making factories, how do we know if we have made something into an idol? J.D. Greear’s list of questions is helpful at this point.

Questions to Ask Yourself

(1) What thing have you sacrificed most for?

  • A scholarship?
  • A successful career?
  • The perfect body?

Sacrifice and worship often go hand in hand. What you worship and prize the most is often shown by what you pursue the most. What you pursue the most could very well be your idol.

(2) Who is there in your life that you feel like you can’t forgive and why?

An inability to forgive could be connected to the fact that someone took away from you something you can’t be happy without. Something you depended on for your life, happiness, and security. Determining why you cannot forgive someone, could help you discover an idol in your life.

(3) What one thing do you most hope is in your future?

  • Career success?
  • A certain salary?
  • Owning your own home? Or even a second one?
  • Having the respect of your peers?

If you believe having these things will bring you happiness or acceptance, then the one thing you most hope for in your future could be your idol.

(4) What is the one thing you most worry about losing?

  • Your job?
  • Your family?
  • The respect of your kids?
  • The love of your spouse?
  • Your money?

If you believe the loss of these things would be life ending, then the thing you most worry about losing could be your idol.

(5) If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be?

  • Your looks?
  • Your job?
  • Your zipcode?
  • Your car?

If you believe you would be happier by changing these things, then these could be your idol.

(6) When you do you feel the most significant?

  • In other words:
    • When do you hold your head up the highest?
    • What is there that you hope people find out about you?
    • Do you constantly mention:
      • Your job?
      • The job you hope you get ?
      • Your new car?
      • Your house?
      • Your college degree?
      • Does your heart soar with pride when you talk about your kids or grandkids?

Your identity is often wrapped up in what makes you feel the most significant. Discovering what makes you feel the most significant could help you determine your idol.

(7) Where do you turn for comfort when things are not going well?

  • Your work?
  • Pornography?
  • Food?
  • Alcohol?
  • Drugs?
  • A truth about yourself? Like, I may not be a great athlete, but academically I am far above my peers.

Where you turn for comfort when things are not going well could reveal your idol.

(8) What triggers depression in you?

  • Your kids not calling?
  • The struggles in your marriage?
  • Not getting the recognition you think you deserve?
  • How little you think you have accomplished?

Barring any medical complications, depression is often triggered when something you deem essential for life is denied or taken away. The things that most often trigger depression in you could be your idol.

Conclusion

By honestly answering these questions, you should have a good idea if something is an idol in your life.

Resources

J.D. Greear Gospel: Recovering the power that made Christianity revolutionary, 70-75.

The Proper Motivation for Christian Obedience: Reflection on our salvation | Part 2

In my last post, I laid the theological foundation concerning our obedience in Christ. The main thrust of that post was to gain an understanding of how we are made righteous in Christ, which we determined was through our representative union with Christ. Through this union a Great Exchange occurs where Jesus’ righteousness is attributed (imputed) to us. As that occurs, our sin is taken away, we are made righteous, and our relationship with God is restored.

In this post, I want to show how an understanding of our salvation motivates us to obey and serve God. Here is my thesis:

We should be motivated to obey and serve God when we reflect on our salvation.

A prime example of one who reflects on their salvation and is then motivated to obey and serve God is Isaiah.

Isaiah: Our Prime Example

In Isaiah 6:1-8, we are privileged to read Isaiah’s vision. From this vision we learn a great deal about God. In verses 1-4 we learn that God is separate from His creation and all that is sinful because He is holy.

How is God separate from His creation?

(1) Transcendent Majesty

The text tells us that the Lord is Sitting on His throne, which is symbolic of His reign or His Sovereign rulership. We also read that He is High and lifted up, which is symbolic of His supreme exaltation through the glorious display of His royalty, splendor, and glory. Lastly, we learn that the train of His robe fills the entire temple. His train filling the entire temple accentuates His infinite royalty, splendor, dignity, and majesty.

With that in mind, we can express what verse 1-4 tell us by saying that God is separate from His creation through His Transcendent Majesty. Transcendent meaning He is above and beyond anything else in His creation. Majesty referring to His sovereign power, authority, and royalty. So the Lord transcends all that is in His creation because of who He is.

(2) Moral Purity

Not only is the Lord separate from His creation through His Transcendent Majesty, but He is also separate because He is sinless. He is completely and utterly without sin.

Because of His Transcendent Majesty and His Moral Purity, He has an infinite hatred of sin desiring to destroy those who are sinners (Hab. 1:13; Prov. 6:16; Rom. 1:18). Since we are all sinners, we all deserve the wrath of God (Rom. 3:23).

What is Isaiah’s response when he comes face to face with the God we just described?

First, he says, “Woe is me!”  showing he is grieved and in great distress because he understands his sinfulness. (vs 5). Second, he recognizes his uncleanliness and the uncleanliness of those he lives among when compared to a holy God (vs 6). He says in Isaiah 64:6: “We have all become like one who is unclean, and all our righteous deeds are like a polluted garment.”

Atonement: The Result of Isaiah’s Response

At Isaiah’s response, he is made clean and his sins are atoned for (vs 6-7).

We like Isaiah are a people completely separate from God and we too are a people of unclean lips. We also could never make ourselves righteous, but based on our representative union with Christ, we are made righteous, which allows us to have fellowship with God and one another.

Service: The Result of Our Reflection on the Atonement

After Isaiah’s sins are atoned for, he desires to serve God. In verse 8, he desires to be sent to proclaim God’s message to the people of Israel. His desire to serve God was motivated by a sense of gratitude.

Gratitude

The definition of gratitude is as follows:

Ready to show appreciation for and a desire to serve out of thankful for what has been done for you.

So we see that a desire to serve is birthed out of a focus on what is done for you. In Isaiah’s case, a sense of gratitude comes over him as he comes to understand what God did for him.

We too should have a sense of gratitude come over us when we realize what God has done for us in the gospel. Truly understanding that God has restored our relationship with Himself through the work of His Son on the cross should cause a sense of gratitude to well up inside of us, and that sense of gratitude should cause us to serve God. All of this means that our service and obedience to God is birthed out of our understanding of and our reflection on the gospel.

Not Repayment

When reflecting on the story of Isaiah, or even our own story, we may say we, or Isaiah, serves God out of a desire to repay God for what He has done for us. However, serving God, in order to repay Him for what He has done is the wrong motivation.

God’s salvation is a free gift. When someone gives you a gift, they do not expect that you give them a gift in return or that you repay them for their gift. A gift is free. God’s salvation is free. He does not give it to us on loan, expecting we work it off through our service and obedience to Him.

When we try to repay God for what He has done for us, we focus on what we can do. Focusing on what we can do proves we still do not understand the gospel. The gospel tells us that we are utterly helpless. Our relationship with God is broken. In our own power, we can do nothing to restore that relationship. If our works can do nothing to restore our relationship with God, then why do we think our works can repay the relationship He freely restored? So, by saying we must repay God with our works, shows we do not fully understand the gospel. We do not fully understand our inability to help ourselves.

In contrast, when we obey and serve God out of gratitude, we prove we fully understand who we are, who God is, and what the gospel teaches. We prove we fully understand the gospel because we see that we could never do anything to restore our relationship with God. Our restored relationship with God depends totally on His free gift of salvation. A gift we cannot pay back through our works.

Conclusion

When we recognize who we are and what God has done by giving us the gift of salvation, we are thankful God has chosen to save us and our love for Him grows. The thankfulness, or gratitude, that wells up inside of us creates a desire in us to serve God, not in order to repay Him, but because we are thankful for what He has done. So we see that a sense of gratitude is what motivates us to serve and obey God, and a sense of gratitude is birthed as we reflect on our salvation.

Resources

Jerry Bridges, The Transforming Power of the Gospel, Ch. 2-4, 6.

The Proper Motivation for Christian Obedience | Part 1

In my next few posts, I want to cover what drives our obedience to God. In this first post, I need to lay the theological foundation before talking about what does and does not motivate our obedience.

In John 15:4-5 we are told that the branch cannot bear fruit unless it abides in the vine. In this parable, Jesus represents the vine and we represent the branch, which means we cannot bear spiritual fruit unless we abide in Christ; we cannot obey His commandments unless we abide in Him.

What Does it Mean to Abide in Christ?

In means that we are His disciples; that we believe His gospel message and in so doing, we enter into a relationship with Him. But more than that, it means that we are in union with Christ. We are joined together with Him, so that who He is we are.

Two types of Unions with Christ

There are two ways in which we are in union with Christ. The first is a representative union and the second is a living union. In order to understand the living union, we must first discuss the representative union. Today, we will look at our representative union with Christ and in a future post I will discuss our living union with Him. My hope is that a proper understanding of our representative and living unions will be what drives, or motivates, our obedience to God’s commands.

Representative Union

Romans 5 is especially clear in that both Adam and Jesus are representatives (Rom. 5:12-21 especially 18 & 19). What do they each represent?

Adam represents all that is:

  • Sinful
  • Corrupt
  • Imperfect
  • Unrighteous

As a representative, all those whom Adam represents are also sinful, corrupt, imperfect, and unrighteous. As such, their relationship with God is hindered because a holy God cannot have a relationship with sinful man.

Jesus represents all that is:

  • Holy
  • Sinless
  • Perfect
  • Righteous

As a representative, all those whom Jesus represents are also holy, sinless, perfect, and righteous. As such, they have fellowship with God, whereas those whom Adam represents do not.

Who Do They Represent?

If Romans 5 tells us both are representatives, who then does Adam represent and who does Jesus represent?

  • Adam represents all those who are not redeemed by the blood of Christ. In other words, he represents the entire human race apart from those in Christ (Rom. 5:12, 17, 19)
  • Jesus represents all those who profess Him as their Lord and Savior (Rom. 5:18-19, 21).

Imputation

2 Corinthians 5:21 tells us that Jesus’ righteousness is credited to us. The verse reads as follows:

For our sake He (God) made Him (Jesus) who knew no sin to be sin, so that we might become the righteousness of God. 

So we see that Jesus, the one who knew no sin, took our sin on Himself, so that those who are “in Him” who are in union with Him, who believe in Him as their Lord and Savior, will become righteous. In theological terms, we would say that Jesus’ righteousness is imputed or attributed to us on the basis of our belief in Him as our Lord and Savior.

When we enter into union with Jesus, He becomes our representative instead of Adam. When God looks down on us, instead of seeing what Adam represents – sin, death, unrighteousness, rebellion, etc – He sees what Christ represents – sinlessness, perfection, righteousness, obedience, etc. As a result, we are reconciled to God and we experience fellowship with Him (2 Cor. 5:20b; 1 Jn 1:2-3)

Implications of the Imputation of Christ’s Righteousness to Us

If we are made righteous by Jesus’ righteousness being attributed to us and by no other way, what are the implications?

(1) We are not saved by our works

Only through Jesus’ work on the cross are we saved because sinful man can never do enough to make himself holy. It took the perfect sacrifice of Christ being credited to our account to make us holy. In other words, we are only holy because Christ’s blood covers our sins. Since we cannot offer a perfect sacrifice, nor are the works of sinful man seen as worthy, we cannot ever work our way to God.

(2) Our works cannot earn us favor with God 

God accepts Christ based on His righteousness, and Christ’s righteousness is attributed to us, when we believe in Jesus as our Savior. This means God doesn’t love us anymore than He does right now and always no matter what we do for Him because God loves Christ perfectly and His account has been credited to us. There is nothing more we can do to earn His favor or earn more of His Grace. We are given Christ’s righteousness, and Christ’s righteousness is perfect.

However, we often live as if we can earn God’s favor. What are some things we do that we might believe will earn favor with God?

  • Show more love to our wife
  • Not have a lustful thought
  • Participate in Foreign Missions or Home Missions
  • Serve the church
  • Give away money, time, or resources
  • Read Bible, Pray, Come to Church
  • Volunteer in the city
  • Etc.

Try as we might, these things do not earn us favor with God. The only way we earn favor with God is through our union with Christ. Since Christ is perfectly favored and accepted by God, we are perfectly favored and accepted by God.

(3) We are fully accepted by God in Christ

We do not have to earn God’s acceptance. God perfectly accepts Christ, and being in union with Christ as our representative means God perfectly accepts us as well.

Summary

We learn from these three implications of Christ’s righteousness imputed to us that our works do not earn our salvation, our works do not earn us favor with God, and our works do not earn us acceptance with God.

Conclusion

The Gospel tells us that in Christ, there is nothing we can do that would make God love us more, and nothing we have done that would make Him love us less. Only by abiding in Christ are we made righteous because only then is He our representative head and only when He is our representative are His attributes and works attributed to us.

In my next post, I will discuss how our obedience to God is motivated out of a sense of gratitude, which stems from a proper understanding of  and reflection on our salvation.

Resources

Jerry Bridges, The Transforming Power of the Gospel, Ch. 1, 4, 5

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When God Test’s Us

Genesis 22:1-2 tells us that the Lord tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son, his only son, the one whom he loved. After reading those words, our immediate response might be, “Should the Lord do that? Is that right? Can he ask Abraham to sacrifice his son as a test? What is the Lord accomplishing by asking such a thing of Abraham? What would He accomplish by testing us?”

The Lord Tests Our Hearts

Before we jump to conclusions, it is important to understand the Lord’s testing of us is not sinful. In fact, Scripture is full of verses showing the Lord tests the hearts of men (Prov. 17:3).

  • Ex. 15:25-26 and Deut. 8:2 – Tells us the Lord tests Israel to see if they will follow His commandments.
  • Deut. 13:3 – Tells us that the Lord will tests us by sending prophets who will tell us to go after other gods instead of serving the Lord Himself.
  • Ps. 11:5 and Luke 8:13 – Tells us Lord tests the righteous, who claim to be His followers
  • Ps. 26:2 – The Psalmist asks the Lord to test his heart, in order for him to show that he loves the Lord and knows that the Lord is faithful to His promises.
  • James 1:3 – Tells us the testing of our faith produces steadfastness.
  • James 1:12 – Tells us those who endure testing prove they love the Lord more than the world, which results in them receiving the crown of life.

How does the Lord test us?

We know from James 1:13-15 that the Lord does not tempt us to do evil, but He does test us. He tests us by putting us in difficult situations to see if we will obey and trust Him or seek to do it our own way (Ex. 15:25-26; Deut. 8:2). In addition, He tests us by sending those our way who preach a false gospel to see if we will follow after it (Deut. 13:3). Furthermore, He tests us by putting us in situations where we have to deal with either the lack of, or the excess of, recognition, fame, wealth, and comfort among other things (1 Thess. 2:4-7)

He Tests us to know:

  • If we believe His promises (Ps. 26:2)
  • If we believe in His gospel (Gal 1:6-7; Hosea 6:4)
  • If we are fully dedicated to Him and Him alone (Ex. 15:25-26; Deut. 8:2; 13:3)
  • If we desire the things of the world, looking for joy and satisfaction there; rather, than finding it in God and God alone (1 Thess. 2:4-7).

Conclusion

In the end, we see that the Lord does test us. The reason He tests us is to see where our heart is, to show us our true nature, and to humble us so we will follow Him alone.